article · Molecules
Cultivating the microgreen alga Chlorella vulgaris with vitamin supplements enhances its growth, biochemical composition, and therapeutic properties. Adding thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, and ascorbic acid at varying concentrations to BG11 growth media significantly increases algal biomass, pigment content, total proteins, and total carbohydrates compared to unsupplemented cultures. Among the tested additives, thiamine demonstrated the strongest influence on boosting antioxidant activity. Furthermore, laboratory testing of methanol extracts derived from Chlorella vulgaris supplemented with thiamine showed high antitumor effects against several human cancer cell lines, including prostate, hepatocellular, colorectal, and epithelioid carcinomas. Supplementing culture media with specific vitamins provides an effective method for improving both the yield of algal metabolites and their bioactivity in laboratory conditions.
Microalgae are valuable sources of natural compounds, but maximising their yield and potency remains a challenge. Showing that simple vitamin additions enhance both growth and bioactive qualities helps researchers optimise cultivation methods for valuable antioxidants and potential therapeutic extracts.
The findings could inform biomass production protocols for microalgae cultivators and pharmaceutical researchers investigating natural anticancer agents. Because the antitumor efficacy was observed strictly in vitro, the research represents early-stage laboratory exploration and remains distant from clinical or commercial application.
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There is a very vital antioxidant extracted from microgreen alga. <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> has major advantages and requires high yield worldwide. Some microalgae require vitamins for their growth promotion. This study was held to determine the impact of different vitamins including Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Pyridoxine (B6), and Ascorbic acid (c) at concentrations of 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 mg/L of each. Each vitamin was added to the BG11 growth medium to determine the effect on growth, total carbohydrate, total protein, pigments content, antioxidant activities of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i>. Moreover, antitumor effects of methanol extract of <i>C. vulgaris</i> without and with the supplement of thiamine against Human prostate cancer (PC-3), Hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG-2), Colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116) and Epitheliod Carcinoma (Hela) was estimated in vitro. <i>C. vulgaris</i> supplemented with various vitamins showed a significant increase in biomass, pigment content, total protein, and total carbohydrates in comparison to the control. Thiamine was the best vitamin influencing as an antioxidant. <i>C. vulgaris</i> supplemented with thiamine had high antitumor effects in vitro. So, it's necessary to add vitamins to BG11 media for enhancement of the growth and metabolites.
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DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051602
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