Assessment of β2-Microglobulin as a Marker for Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Medical Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

Background: Released into the bloodstream at a steady rate, β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) is readily filtered by the glomeruli, fully reabsorbed, and catabolized in the renal tubules. Due to these characteristics, it may be the best endogenous biomarker for estimating glomerular filtration rate. Aim of work: To examine whether β2-MG in patients who have experienced intracerebral haemorrhage is a marker of AKI. Materials and methods: Our prospective case control study was done in the Intensive Care Unit of Zagazig University Hospitals, Sharkia governorate, Egypt on 94 cases. Every patient in this study underwent a thorough clinical examination as well as a comprehensive history taking. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III Score, which are frequently used scoring systems in intensive care units (ICUs) for critically sick patients, were employed to assess severity. β2-MG testing was one of the laboratory investigations carried out. Results: β2-MG levels were significantly higher in patients with AKI compared to non – AKI. At cutoff of value ≥4.6915 with accuracy of 84%, β2-MG had a sensitivity of (85.1%), and specificity of (83%) in prediction of AKI in patients with non-traumatic cerebral haemorrhage with PPV of 83.3% and NPV of 84.8%. Conclusion: When patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) have intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), β2-MG can be used as a predictive marker of the onset of AKI.