Assessment and antibiotic resistant pattern of Staphylococcus aureus infections from orthopedic patients in Sir Yahaya memorial hospital Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria.

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen, responsible for nosocomial infections. Individuals that are colonized by S. aureus are potential reservoirs for transmission of nosocomial infections, which could be detrimental to public health especially when antibiotic resistant strains are present. Aim and Objective: The aim is to assess the presence and antibiotic resistant profile of S. aureus in orthopedic patient admitted in Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital. Methods: A total of 117 wound swab samples were collected from orthopedic patients, of which 18 isolates of S. aureus were identified using colony morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. The isolates were examined with antibiotics using disc diffusion method and Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute Modified Kirby Bour techniques were used to determine the resistant status of recovered bacterial isolates. Results: The S. aureus prevalence from orthopedic patients was 18 (15.38%), and the results revealed that the isolates were 100% resistant to Cefpodoxime, Cefepime, Cefotaxime, Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and 94.44% resistance to Meropenem. Although the isolate were only 83.33% sensitive to Imipenem. S. aureus was among the major agent of wound infection at Sir Yahaya memorial hospital, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria. Conclusion: The high prevalence of S. aureus isolates resistant to antibiotics tested in the hospital calls for urgent need to put in place measures to curtail the spread of nosocomial pathogens especially S. aureus that has high proportion of antibiotic resistance in the hospital. Recommendation: However further studies are recommended to detect the resistance gene of S. aureus.