review · Heliyon
Global energy demand continues to grow due to expanding electrification, including the adoption of electric vehicles and the connection of remote areas to the grid. Concurrently, efforts to mitigate the effects of global warming drive substantial investment into renewable energy technologies. Integrating high shares of renewable generation alongside evolving demand changes the structure of power networks and introduces significant technical challenges, most notably voltage stability issues. Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems, known as FACTS devices, provide methods to address these operational problems. An assessment of current control strategies and applications shows how FACTS devices can be deployed to strengthen voltage stability in renewable-integrated power grids, while identifying critical future research pathways needed to support modern grids facing ever-increasing levels of renewable energy penetration.
As the transition towards clean energy accelerates and new technologies like electric vehicles increase power demand, electricity networks face mounting risks of instability. Examining how specialised control equipment can stabilise system voltage helps ensure that power networks can reliably absorb large volumes of renewable power without risking disruptions, blackouts, or equipment failure for businesses and households.
The findings inform power utilities and transmission network operators seeking solutions to maintain grid stability amidst high renewable energy penetration. Because the underlying work is a comprehensive review identifying future research directions rather than an applied field trial or proprietary hardware design, it sits at an early conceptual stage. Commercial deployment relies on subsequent applied development and network testing of specific device control configurations.
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This paper presents a comprehensive review on the application and control of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices in order to improve voltage stability of power grid with high share of renewable energy systems. The rise in the development of renewable energy technologies is driven by the attempts to mitigate the effects of global warming. In addition, global energy demand continues to rise as new electricity-driven systems such as electric vehicles are being developed and as remote locations are being connected to the grid. These changes in the power grid formation comes with attendant challenges which must be addressed. One of these challenges is voltage stability issues. This paper therefore explores the applications of FACTS devices for voltage stability improvement and points out the future research direction in the area of voltage stability enhancement by FACTS devices for modern power grids characterized by increasing levels of renewable energy penetration.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06461
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