article · Frontiers in Microbiology
Researchers investigated the bacterium Glutamicibacter mysorens isolated from mangrove soil in India to explore its bioactive potential. After culture conditions were optimised on starch casein agar, microscopic analysis revealed spirally coiled spore chains with cylindrical, hairy spores, accompanied by filamentous mycelia and brown pigmentation. Chemical profiling of the bacterial intracellular extract detected multiple bioactive molecules with molecular weights below one kilodalton, notably identifying Kinetin-9-ribose and Embinin. Following gel filtration chromatography, which achieved a 10.66-fold purification, the eluted protein fraction demonstrated significant antiproliferative activity when tested against a prostate cancer cell line. These findings indicate that small-molecule microbial compounds from this species can act simultaneously as antimicrobial and anticancer peptides, highlighting their potential relevance for future therapeutic development.
Natural microbial products from unique ecosystems like mangroves offer an important pipeline for discovering new medicines. Finding bacterial compounds that simultaneously demonstrate antimicrobial and anticancer properties helps researchers tackle chronic human diseases, providing fresh chemical leads that could eventually contribute to the development of treatments for conditions such as prostate cancer.
This research represents early-stage laboratory discovery that could interest pharmaceutical and biotechnology developers seeking novel oncology or antibiotic drug leads. The findings show that purified microbial fractions can suppress prostate cancer cells in vitro. However, the work is at a preliminary experimental stage, requiring extensive downstream isolation, safety profiling, pharmacological validation, and clinical testing before any therapeutic commercialisation can occur.
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The Glutamicibacter group of microbes is known for antibiotic and enzyme production. Antibiotics and enzymes produced by them are important in the control, protection, and treatment of chronic human diseases. In this study, the Glutamicibacter mysorens ( G. mysorens ) strain MW647910.1 was isolated from mangrove soil in the Mangalore region of India. After optimization of growth conditions for G. mysorens on starch casein agar media, the micromorphology of G. mysorens was found to be spirally coiled spore chain, each spore visualized as an elongated cylindrical hairy appearance with curved edges visualized through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis. The culture phenotype with filamentous mycelia, brown pigmentation, and ash–colored spore production was observed. The intracellular extract of G. mysorens characterized through GCMS analysis detected bioactive compounds reported for pharmacological applications. The majority of bioactive compounds identified in intracellular extract when compared to the NIST library revealed molecular weight ranging below 1kgmole −1 . The Sephadex G-10 could result in 10.66 fold purification and eluted peak protein fraction showed significant anticancer activity on the prostate cancer cell line. Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis revealed Kinetin-9-ribose and Embinin with a molecular weight below 1 kDa. This study showed small molecular weight bioactive compounds produced from microbial origin possess dual roles, acting as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and anticancer peptides (ACPs). Hence, the bioactive compounds produced from microbial origin are a promising source of future therapeutics.
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DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1096826
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