article · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
Researchers have biosynthesised bimetallic silver-zinc oxide nanoparticles using pomegranate peel extract for the first time. The resulting particles were small, measuring approximately 15.8 nanometres, and exhibited uniform, rounded shapes stabilised by the plant extract. Laboratory testing demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis at varying inhibitory concentrations. The nanoparticles also inhibited fungal growth in Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus brasiliensis. Furthermore, the material showed anticancer potential against breast cancer and colon cancer cell lines. Assessments on normal Vero cells indicated an inhibitory concentration higher than those needed for therapeutic effects, suggesting the nanoparticles may offer effective antimicrobial and anticancer actions while avoiding toxicity to healthy cells at active doses.
Multidrug-resistant pathogens and malignant tumours present major challenges to human health and global medicine. Developing dual-action bimetallic nanoparticles using fruit waste such as pomegranate peels offers an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical synthesis. Because these biosynthesised particles selectively combat microbes and cancer cells at concentrations less toxic to healthy cells, the research offers a promising avenue for creating safer, sustainable medical interventions.
The findings point towards potential applications in antimicrobial agents, topical formulations, or oncology therapeutics for pharmaceutical and biotechnology developers. Utilising agricultural waste could also interest industrial biotechnology firms seeking sustainable synthesis methods. Nevertheless, as the findings rely strictly on in vitro microbial assays and cultured cell lines, this work represents an early-stage research finding that requires extensive preclinical trials and formulation development before commercial deployment can be considered.
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Abstract In the last two decades, nanomaterials have received much attention for the treatment of multidrug-resistant microbes that threaten human health. In the current study, the novelty and scientific significance concentrated on the biogenic synthesis of bimetallic silver-zinc oxide nanoparticles (Ag-ZnO NPs) using pomegranate peel extract (PPE) for the first time. The new constructed bimetallic Ag-ZnO NPs possessed the synergistic activity at a low concentration to avoid toxicity and elevate the superior potential. UV-Vis. characterization illustrated that Ag-ZnO NPs were small in size (15.8 nm), which was observed at 395.0 nm. The SEM image of Ag-ZnO NPs, incorporated with PPE, exhibited uniform Ag-ZnO NP surfaces with a clear surface appearance. It can be detected that Ag-ZnO NPs were isolated typically as a rounded particle across the PPE, which showed as brilliant NPs combined and stabilized with the prepared PPE. Results also revealed that Ag-ZnO NPs exhibited potential antibacterial activity toward Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Bacillus subtilis , Staphylococcus aureus , and Enterococcus faecalis where minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 62.5, 125, 15.62, 62.5, and 250 µg/ml. Likewise, Ag-ZnO NPs appeared antifungal activity against Candida albicans , Cryptococcus neoformans , Aspergillus fumigatus , and Aspergillus brasiliensis , where MICs were 7.81, 31.25, 125, and 62.5 µg/ml, respectively. Moreover, Ag-ZnO NPs exhibited anticancer activities against MCF7 and Caco2, where IC 50 was 104.9 and 52.4 µg/ml, respectively. Additionally, these concentrations are safe in use where results of cytotoxicity on Vero normal cell line confirmed that IC 50 was 155.1 µg/ml. Overall, bimetallic Ag-ZnO NPs were for the first time, successfully biosynthesized using PPE; also, they had a promising antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities.
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DOI: 10.1007/s13399-023-04126-8
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