article · Natural Resources for Human Health
Thevetia peruviana, a large flowering shrub belonging to the Apocynaceae family with established traditional medicinal applications, contains diverse phytochemicals with therapeutic potential. Chemical screening of ethanol and n-hexane leaf extracts identified multiple secondary metabolite classes, including alkaloids, phenols, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroid glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins, terpenoids, and fixed oils and fats. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of these extracts identified twenty-four bioactive metabolites. In laboratory evaluations, the leaf extracts exhibited antibacterial activity by inhibiting tested pathogens at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 milligrams per millilitre. The identified bioactive compounds correspond to substances utilised in addressing bacterial infections, inflammation, diabetes, and cancer. These findings provide evidence supporting the antibacterial efficacy of traditional medicinal plant extracts.
Bacterial resistance creates an ongoing demand for new therapeutic compounds derived from natural sources. By confirming that Thevetia peruviana leaf extracts contain twenty-four bioactive compounds and inhibit pathogen growth, this work validates traditional medicine practices and points to potential botanical sources for drug discovery targeting infections and other chronic health conditions.
The findings may interest pharmaceutical and natural health product developers seeking raw natural sources for drug formulation against bacterial infections, inflammation, diabetes, or cancer. However, the work represents early-stage laboratory research focused on basic phytochemical screening and pathogen inhibition in crude extracts. Substantial development, including the isolation of individual active constituents, toxicity testing, and formulation development, is required before any commercial pharmaceutical application can be realised.
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<i>Thevetia peruviana</i> is a large flowering shrub in the Apocynaceae family used medicinally. The current study aims to determine the phytochemicals and antimicrobial potential of <i>T. peruviana</i>. GC-MS was used to screen the ethanol and n-hexane extracts. Leaf extracts (ethanol and hexane) revealed alkaloids, phenols, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroid glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins, terpenoids, terpenoids and fixed oils and fats. GC-MS analysis of the ethanol and hexane extract revealed 24 bioactive metabolites. <i>T. peruviana</i> leaf extracts inhibited tested pathogens at 50, 100, and 200 mg/ml concentrations. A plethora of secondary metabolites demonstrated promising pharmacological benefits. The bioactive chemicals are utilised to treat bacterial infections, cancer, diabetes, and inflammation. This study demonstrated the antibacterial activity of several plants used in traditional medicine.
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DOI: 10.53365/nrfhh/146543
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