Antibacterial Activity of Nano herbal Medications Against Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm

Abstract

aim: This study was carried out to compare the antibacterial efficacy of nano-pomegranate loaded chitosan nanoparticles paste, curcumin nanoparticle gel, and 2% CHX gel against E. faecalis biofilm. Methods: the three tested groups were compared as: group 1: Nano-pomegranate loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PN), group 2: curcumin nanoparticle gel (CN), group 3: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel. Size distribution and average size of nano materials were confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscope. The antibiofilm activity against E. faecalis biofilm was tested. E. faecalis cell suspension in the absence or presence of the best promising nano-material (PN) was examined under scanning electron microscope, and a preformed E. faecalis biofilm was established on teeth sections and the best promising nano-material (PN) was added and examined by a confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscope. In addition, cytotoxicity evaluation of tested materials was done against human gingival fibroblast cells. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p ≤ 0.05).Results: The three tested materials recorded MBIC of 7.8 µg/ml. However, PN presented the lowest MBEC (15.6 µg/ml) compared to the positive control (CHN; 31.25 µg/ml), and CN recorded the highest MBEC (62.5 µg/ml) with statistically significant differences among them. CHN was the safest (446.99 µg/ml), followed by PN (IC50= 30.74 µg/ml), then CN (14.47 µg/ml). Conclusion: CHN was the safest, followed by the PN and CN.PN loaded in chitosan was the most effective one in eradication of an already established biofilm