Analysis and optimal control of a fractional-order SEAIR epidemic model with two-strains

Abstract

This study focuses on the analysis and optimal control of a fractional-order SEAIR epidemic model, which consists of two strains. The proposed model's well-posedness is evaluated by examining its existence, uniqueness, non-negativity, and boundedness. Furthermore, two basic regeneration numbers are computed, and the model's two equilibrium points are the endemic and disease-free equilibriums. Using suitable Lyapunov functions and LaSalle's invariance principle, we conduct a stability analysis to examine the global stability of these steady states. Ultimately, using Pontryagin's Maximum Principle, we created a time-dependent optimal control problem. We evaluated the impact of model parameters on the dynamics of disease transmission and determined the efficacy of control measures using numerical simulations.