article · Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Analysis of existing scientific literature shows that onion extracts and their bioactive constituents display varied pharmacological properties that may help treat multiple diseases. At present, available evidence centres largely on traditional ethnic uses and laboratory-based in vitro experiments. There is a marked shortage of in vivo animal studies and human clinical trials. To advance onion-derived compounds toward therapeutic applications, future research must prioritise clinical testing, animal studies, toxicity evaluations, and quality control standards for the plant material. Establishing these benchmarks will address key gaps in existing knowledge and create a reliable foundation for determining the safety, efficacy, and clinical viability of onion-based treatments.
Onion is widely consumed and holds substantial promise as a source of therapeutic compounds. However, without rigorous clinical trials, safety assessments, and standardisation, laboratory findings cannot translate into validated healthcare solutions. Highlighting these gaps guides researchers and funders towards the critical evaluations needed to verify whether traditional remedies can become safe, evidence-based medicines.
Any potential health products or therapeutics derived from onion extracts remain at an early research stage. Before pharmaceutical or clinical applications can proceed, developers and industry partners require comprehensive in vivo data, human clinical trials, formal toxicity evaluations, and robust botanical quality control protocols to ensure safety and consistent efficacy.
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Extensive literature analysis reveals that onion extracts and bioactive constituents possess diverse pharmacological activities that can be beneficial for treating various diseases. However, the current research primarily revolves around the documentation of ethnic pharmacology and predominantly consists of in vitro studies, with relatively limited in vivo and clinical studies. Consequently, it is imperative for future investigations to prioritize and expand the scope of in vivo and clinical research. Additionally, it is strongly recommended to direct further research efforts towards toxicity studies and quality control of the plant. These studies will help bridge the current knowledge gaps and establish a solid basis for exploring the plant's potential uses in a clinical setting.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117779
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