Ameliorating Effect of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Seed and Peel Extracts with Selenium on Ochratoxin-A Exposed Renal Dysfunction in Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Background and Aim Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is extensively documented as the initial stage of kidney disease that particularly results in acute renal injury and chronic renal dysfunction. The single and combined effect of grape peel extract (GPE), grape seed extracts (GSE) and selenium (Sel) were investigated in current study for controlling of renal injury induced by Ochratoxin-A (OTA) in male rats. Methods Forty nine male Wistar rats weighing 200 ± 10 g were injected with OTA (0.5 mg/kg bw) to induce nephrotoxicity, then treated with singleand combined applications of GSE, GPE and Sel. In addition, the OTA induced nephrotoxicity rats were screened for various biological and physiological parameters like food ingestion, body weight gain, liver weight, serum kidney biomarkers, serum lipid fractions, enzymatic and non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation indicators and histopathological studies. Results Our findings suggested that the combination of GSE 2 % and Sel (50–50) treatment reduced renal dysfunction in OTA-induced rats by significantly lowering lipid peroxidation indicators, lipid and kidneys profiles and enhancing enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants biomarkers followed by GSE 2 % then Selenium (0.4 mg/kg) in OTA. Histological analysis of the kidney revealed more severe renal tubule degeneration in OTA-induced rats, While GSE and GPE combonation showed only moderate glomerular tuft enlargement and minimal renal tubule deterioration. Furthermore, the combination of GSE 2 %+Sel (50–50) revealed normal histological structure. Conclusions Grape seed extracts along with selenium mightbe used as dietary supplements to reduce renal toxicity induced by chemicals or compounds that cause nephrotoxicity.