article · Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development (JAEID)
Conventional agricultural modernisation has rapidly increased crop yields but damaged ecological functions, disrupted natural services, and harmed human health. In response, agroecology provides a systemic scientific discipline and set of practices that examine agricultural systems through ecological and socio-economic perspectives. Key challenges facing current agriculture include monoculture, heavy reliance on chemical fertilisers, and climate change across local, regional, and global scales. Agroecological alternatives offer potential solutions to address these three interlinked issues, supported by recent research evaluating practical interventions and their wider politico-economic dimensions. Nevertheless, substantial data gaps remain. Further advanced, methodologically rigorous investigations, including longitudinal studies, case-control designs, and targeted surveys, are required to validate these approaches in regions where farming forms the primary economic foundation, such as Morocco.
Modern agricultural practices drive productivity but damage ecosystems, human health, and climate stability. Transitioning to agroecological methods provides a structured framework to maintain food production while reducing chemical inputs and mitigating environmental degradation. Understanding these practices helps farming communities and policymakers build resilient, sustainable agrosystems in areas that depend heavily on agriculture for their economic livelihoods.
The work addresses sustainable farm management practices aimed at agricultural practitioners and policymakers seeking alternatives to chemical fertilisers and monoculture. However, the findings remain at an early, conceptual stage rather than offering an immediate commercial product. Real-world implementation requires further empirical validation, as rigorous longitudinal trials and field surveys are still needed in regions such as Morocco before these approaches can be systematically deployed.
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The modernization of agriculture has transformed natural agrarian systems into other new conventional ones, making it possible to exponentially increase agricultural production. This leads to the destruction of ecological functions, and services, and has negative impacts on human health. This critical situation has given rise to a new model of agriculture called agroecology, which has emerged as a systemic approach that can understand the practices of traditional agricultural systems, as a scientific discipline that defines, classifies, and studies agrosystems from an ecological and socio-economic point of view. This paper explores the major problems of agriculture, including climate change, monoculture, and chemical fertilization at the local, regional and global scale. Equally, we defined the different concepts that bring together the agroecological approach. We based on agroecology as a scientific discipline, as a practice by defining the different agroecological practices and their scale of application, as well as the politico-economic aspect of this concept. Further, we have proposed the agroecological alternatives that can remedy the three problems recorded in the first section, based on several recent studies and research that can examine whether agroecological practices have positive results on monoculture, chemical fertilization, and climate changes. However, more advanced studies, using rigorous research design, such as case controls, longitudinal studies, and surveys in regions where agriculture is their main source of income, such as Morocco, are still needed. These investigations are suggested to fill the gap of data on such areas and fields of research.
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DOI: 10.36253/jaeid-14672
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