article · BMC Chemistry
Industrial activities often release toxic heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, and chromium into water bodies, posing substantial ecological and health challenges. A newly synthesised diphenylamine coordinated cobalt complex, designated as Co-DPA, provides an alternative material for capturing these contaminants through adsorption. Evaluating the material across varying pH levels, adsorbent doses, initial metal concentrations, and contact times demonstrated notable performance on real wastewater samples. Over an eighty-minute treatment period, the material reduced cadmium concentrations from 0.267 to 0.0129 milligrams per litre, lead from 0.075 to 0.00028 milligrams per litre, and chromium from 0.125 to 0.00054 milligrams per litre. These changes correspond to removal efficiencies of 95.6 percent for cadmium and 99.5 percent for both lead and chromium. Overall, the findings demonstrate that Co-DPA functions as an effective adsorbent for cleaning contaminated industrial wastewater.
Heavy metals discharged from industrial development threaten water security, human health, and natural ecosystems because they persist without degrading. Developing specialised chemical complexes that effectively capture pollutants such as lead, chromium, and cadmium helps restore contaminated effluents. This research shows that targeted coordination complexes can achieve near-complete removal of hazardous metals from real wastewater, offering a viable route to safer industrial wastewater management.
This study demonstrates an applied, laboratory-tested adsorbent evaluated on real wastewater samples, placing the technology at an early stage of development. The material could enable industrial facilities, municipal wastewater treatment operators, and environmental remediation firms to meet strict effluent discharge standards for cadmium, lead, and chromium. Scaling up synthesis processes, evaluating adsorbent reusability, and conducting continuous-flow pilot trials represent necessary next steps before commercial deployment.
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Abstract Heavy metals like Cadmium, Lead, and Chromium are the pollutants emitted into the environment through industrial development. In this work, a new diphenylamine coordinated cobalt complex (Co-DPA) has been synthesized and tested for its efficiency in removing heavy metals from wastewater, and its adsorption capacity was investigated. The effectiveness of heavy metals removal by Co-DPA was evaluated by adjusting the adsorption parameters, such as adsorbent dose, pH, initial metals concentration, and adsorption period. Heavy metal concentrations in real sample were 0.267, 0.075, and 0.125 mg/L for Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ , and Cr 3+ before using as-synthesized Co-DPA to treat wastewater. After being treated with synthesized Co-DPA the concentration of heavy metals was reduced to 0.0129, 0.00028, 0.00054 mg/L for Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ , and Cr 3+ , respectively, in 80 min. The removal efficiency was 95.6%, 99.5%, and 99.5% for the respective metals. The adsorption process fitted satisfactorily with Freundlich isotherm with R 2 (0.999, 0.997, 0.995) for Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ , and Cr 3+ , respectively. The kinetic data obeyed the pseudo-second order for Cd 2+ and Cr 2+ and the pseudo-first order for Pb 2+ . Based on the results obtained within the framework of this study, it is concluded that the as-synthesized Co-DPA is a good adsorbent to eliminate heavy metal ions like Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ , and Cr 3+ from wastewater solution. In general, Co-DPA is a promising new material for the removal of heavy metal ions from water. Graphical Abstract
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DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01128-z
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