Adherence to Nevirapine Prophylaxis and Its Predictors Among HIV-Exposed Infants Aged 0 to 6 months in Western Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

HIV remains a global public health issue; Uganda has nearly 7% of infants born to HIV positive mothers getting infected despite initiation on Nevirapine prophylaxis against HIV transmission among HIV-exposed infants. There is paucity of data regarding adherence to NVP in Western Uganda. This study aimed at assessing the predictors of adherence to nevirapine prophylaxis among HIV -exposed infants aged 0 to 6 months. A cross-sectional study was done among 200 HIV-exposed infants aged 0 to 6 months. Participants were consecutively recruited. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26, logistic regression was used to infer predictors of Nevirapine adherence. Adherence to Nevirapine prophylaxis was at 95.0% (CI: 89-98). Factors associated with adherence included; disclosure of HIV status [aOR = 0.083; 95% CI: 0.007-0.92, <i>P</i> < .005] and having more than 1 child [aOR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.007-0.82, <i>P</i> < .005]. Adherence to Nevirapine was suboptimal (95.0%) in comparison to the national set goals of 100% adherence by 2030.