article · Sustainability
Proper management of nitrogen and phosphorus is essential for optimising crop productivity, especially in alkaline calcareous soils where nutrient deficiencies often constrain yields. A field trial evaluated the effects of varying application rates of nitrogen and phosphorus on wheat growth, nutrient uptake, and yield. Applying nitrogen at 160 kilograms per hectare delivered the highest biological yield, grain weight, chlorophyll levels at tillering, and straw nutrient uptake. Similarly, applying phosphorus at 90 kilograms per hectare resulted in the highest biological yield, grain yield, chlorophyll content, and straw nutrient absorption. While individual applications of nitrogen and phosphorus positively influenced biological and grain yields, their interaction showed no significant effect on biological yield. Chlorophyll meter readings proved effective for determining plant nitrogen and phosphorus status to estimate overall crop yield potential.
Wheat is a globally critical staple, but nutrient deficiencies in alkaline calcareous soils frequently restrict harvests. Identifying the specific fertiliser rates that maximise yield helps growers avoid under-fertilising or wasting costly resources. Additionally, establishing handheld chlorophyll meters as reliable monitoring tools offers accessible methods to evaluate crop nutrient levels and forecast performance during key growth stages.
These applied, field-tested findings offer practical guidance for agronomists, farm advisors, and wheat growers managing alkaline calcareous soils. The results support targeted fertiliser dosing alongside handheld chlorophyll meters for in-season monitoring and yield estimation. While the methods rely on established agricultural tools and inputs, bringing these specific protocols to widespread farm use depends on local soil conditions and access to diagnostic meters.
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Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major yield limiting factor across the globe and their proper management plays a vital role in optimizing crop yield. This field experiment was conducted to assess the impact of soil and plant nitrogen N and P ratio on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in alkaline calcareous soil. The study consisted of various levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80, and 160 kg ha−1 as urea) and phosphorus (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg P2O5 ha−1 as diammonium phosphate), and was carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with factorial arrangement having three replications. The result showed that the addition of 160 kg N ha−1 significantly improved biological yield (10,052 kg ha−1), grain weight (3120 kg ha−1), chlorophyll content at tillering stage soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value (35.38), N uptake in straw (33.42 kg ha−1), and K uptake in straw (192 kg ha−1) compared to other N levels. In case of P, 90 kg P2O5 ha−1 had resulted maximum biological yield (9852 kg ha−1), grain yield (3663 kg ha−1), chlorophyll content at tillering stage (SPAD value 34.36), P (6.68 mg kg−1) and K (171 kg ha−1) uptake in straw. The sole use of N and P have positively influenced the biological and grain yield but their interaction didn’t response to biological yield. The present study reveals that SPAD value (chlorophyll meter) is the better choice for determining plant N and P concentrations to estimate the yield potential.
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DOI: 10.3390/su13042253
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