review · Energy & Environment
Converting solar energy into electricity requires effective control schemes to maximise power output and boost overall system efficiency. Conventional photovoltaic panels lose more than half of the solar irradiation they receive. To address this loss, photovoltaic thermal modules capture the wasted solar irradiation and convert it into heat. A comprehensive examination of grid-connected solar plants covers both conventional photovoltaic and combined photovoltaic thermal installations. Breaking down grid-tied systems into distinct subsystems, from incoming solar resources through to inverter techniques, allows for a detailed assessment of operational benefits, engineering challenges, and mitigation methods. Incorporating intelligent strategies alongside real-time control and measurement provides optimal efficiency across grid-tied systems. These advanced techniques support improvements in diverse solar power configurations, establishing a practical basis for ongoing development in grid-connected solar power generation.
Improving solar energy capture is vital because traditional panels waste the majority of incoming sunlight. By reviewing combined electricity and heat generation alongside intelligent real-time control methods, this work highlights ways to make grid-connected solar installations significantly more efficient, supporting the wider transition to reliable and highly productive renewable power systems.
The review addresses grid-connected solar energy systems, identifying opportunities for grid operators and solar plant developers to deploy photovoltaic thermal modules and intelligent real-time control systems. Because the findings are drawn from a systematic literature review rather than novel physical testing, the work represents an early-stage conceptual evaluation rather than a near-market technology. It serves as a guiding baseline for industrial designers and researchers engineering more efficient solar power installations.
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Solar energy is the powerhouse where all potential and classified renewable energies lug their sources. The energy transformation from the Sun to electricity requires an adequate control scheme to maximise the generated power and enhance the system efficiency. Besides, more than half of solar irradiation on conventional Photovoltaic (PV) panels is lost. The PV thermal (PV/T) modules have been introduced to convert the lost irradiation to heat. Thus, a systematic review of system components, development, and strategies for grid-connected solar PVs plants is presented. Two solar PVs, traditional PV and PV/T, are evaluated. Each grid-tied PV component is considered a subsystem to analyse the potential improvement of grid-connected PVs. This is from solar resources to grid-tied PV inverter techniques. An intensive assessment of the system improvements is presented to evaluate PV plants’ benefits, challenges, and potential solutions. The improvement trends for the novel generation of grid-connected PV systems consist of applying innovative approaches. It is also found that intelligent strategies optimally ensure the overall efficiency of grid-tied PVs using real-time control and measurement under innovative applications and technologies. These methods effectively assist in enhancing grid-tied diverse solar power approaches. Therefore, this paper would offer a significant foundation for advanced research into the subject of grid-tied PV and PV/T and their innovation and/or technology development.
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DOI: 10.1177/0958305x221117617
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