article · BioChip Journal
Veterinary drug residues in food pose serious risks to consumer health. To address this, an electrochemical eco-sensor has been developed for the trace-level detection of cinnarizine, an antischistosomal drug, in bovine-derived food matrices. The sensor relies on square wave voltammetry using a carbon paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanoparticles functionalised with recycled aluminium oxide nanoparticles. This modification accelerates electron transfer and increases the active surface area of the electrode. Analytical evaluations showed rapid performance with a 20-second response time, a detection limit of 0.17 nM, and a linear detection range between 5 and 100 nM. The device demonstrated high accuracy and precision in spiked food samples. Evaluated using greenness and whiteness assessment tools, the fabrication process achieved between 63% and 93% waste reduction, confirming its environmental and economic viability.
Residues of veterinary medications in animal products can jeopardise food safety and human health. This approach offers a rapid, highly sensitive, and cost-effective method to monitor harmful drug residues. By incorporating recycled nanomaterials, the technique lowers analytical costs and minimises laboratory waste, making food contamination testing more accessible to testing facilities with limited resources.
The sensor represents an applied and laboratory-tested method suited for food quality control and safety testing. It could be adopted by testing facilities, particularly quality control laboratories lacking expensive analytical instrumentation, to screen bovine food products. Because it uses recycled materials and standard carbon paste electrodes, it presents an economically viable option, though the abstract does not indicate commercial field deployment or manufacturing partnerships.
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Abstract Veterinary drug residues in food have emerged as an urgent threat to consumer safety. Herein, we present the first square wave voltammetric method for the trace-level detection of cinnarizine residues, a recently used antischistosomal drug, in bovine food samples. The method depends on the electrochemical oxidation after modification of the carbon paste sensor with recycled Al 2 O 3 -NPs functionalized multi-walled carbon nanoparticles. The produced sensor (Al 2 O 3 -NPs/ MWCNTs/CPE) was characterized using the transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometer, and X-ray diffractometer that confirm the successful incorporation of the Al 2 O 3 -NPs/MWCNTs composite into the modified electrode. As expected, the active surface area and electron transfer processes were accelerated by the modification, which was evidenced by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometric studies, scan rate studies, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Compared to previous techniques, this facile sensor demonstrated enhancements across critical analytical criteria including the detection limit of 0.17 nM, linear response across 5–100 nM ( r 2 = 0.998), accuracy ranging from 96.5 to 103.2%, precision below 0.81% relative standard deviation, reproducibility within 0.36% range, 20 s response time and applicability in spiked food matrices. In addition, five different greenness and whiteness tools quantified exceptional environmental friendliness, economic feasibility and waste reduction of 63%–93%, reaffirming alignment with sustainability paradigms. These advantages support practical adoption in quality control especially laboratories lacking expensive instrumentation. Overall, the ingenious sensor reconciles nanotechnology innovation with the circular economy ethos to tackle an urgent food safety challenge, guided holistically by sustainability metrics.
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DOI: 10.1007/s13206-024-00144-4
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