A Nonlocal Strain Gradient Theory for Porous Functionally Graded Curved Nanobeams under Different Boundary Conditions

Abstract

This paper investigates the bending, buckling and free vibration behaviors of porous functionally graded curved nanobeams with different boundary conditions via a nonlocal strain gradient theory. The stresses are dependent on the strain gradients according to the nonlocal strain gradient theory. This theory contains both nonlocal and material length-scale parameters. The three-variable sinusoidal shear deformation beam theory is used to describe the displacement field and do not need any shear correction factor. The nonlocal strain gradient theory is employed to capture both hardening and softening stiffness influences on the present nanobeams. The material properties for the present porous functionally graded curved nanobeams are varying through-the-thickness due to the power law model. Hamilton’s principle is applied to obtain the governing equations of porous functionally graded curved nanobeams. Numerical results are validated by comparison with the corresponding ones of perfect functionally graded curved nanobeams in the literature. The effects of the strain gradient parameter, opening angle, nonlocal parameter, boundary conditions, power-law index, porosity factor on the bending, buckling and free vibration frequencies of perfect and porous functionally graded curved nanobeams are all investigated.