A Mini Review on Spectroscopic Characterization of Green Nanostructured Photocatalysts

Abstract

This review explores the spectroscopic characterization of green nanostructured photocatalysts. The characterization techniques covered include SEM, XRD, UV-Vis, XPS, EDX, and TEM. These techniques offer valuable information about the optical, structural, and electrical characteristics of these materials. This review furthermore discussed three categories of photocatalysts vis-à-vis the Green carbon-based nanostructured, green organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructured, and metal-based photocatalysts that are abundant on earth. Due to their affordability and abundance, earth-abundant metal-based photocatalysts, which are produced from metals including iron, titanium, zinc, and copper, present intriguing alternatives. Graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nitride are examples of green carbon-based nanostructured photocatalysts that have a huge surface area and great electrical conductivity, making them perfect for a variety of photocatalytic applications. This review also covers the synthesis, morphology, band structure, and surface chemistry of these materials by means of spectroscopic characterization, so aiding in the logical design and optimization of effective and eco-friendly photocatalytic systems. The importance of spectroscopic methods in furthering our knowledge and creating green nanostructured photocatalysts for environmentally friendly and sustainable energy applications is highlighted by this review.