A Hybrid EV Charging Architecture Integrating DC Fast Charging and Wireless Power Transfer

Abstract

ABSTRACT As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to gain popularity worldwide, the demand for faster, smarter, and more flexible charging infrastructures is becoming critical to meet both grid requirements and user expectations. This study proposes a hybrid dual‐mode charging system that combines the high power of DC fast charging with the safety and convenience of wireless power transfer (WPT), thereby addressing the limitations of conventional plug‐in chargers while enabling seamless vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) integration. At the system's core, a three‐phase boost‐type active rectifier serves as a multipurpose interface, providing high‐efficiency AC–DC conversion, power factor correction, DC bus voltage stabilization and smooth bidirectional power exchange. The rectifier is controlled using direct–quadrature (DQ) vector transformation and closed‐loop current regulation, implemented with proportional–integral (PI) controllers, while spatial vector modulation (SVM) is employed to enhance switching efficiency. The wireless charging path relies on resonant inductive coupling, driven by a high‐frequency inverter, to achieve contactless power transfer with improved durability and user convenience. Engineering modelling and validation were carried out using the PSIM simulation platform. The results show that the proposed system achieves near‐unity power factor, low total harmonic distortion (THD), and high‐power transfer efficiency. The DC fast charger demonstrated robust dynamic response to load changes (50–60 kW and 50–40 kW), maintaining voltage deviations within the ±5% tolerance of ISO 15118‐20. The wireless charger consistently delivered 11 kW across a 10 cm air gap, complying with SAE J2954 standards. The study concludes that integrating DC fast charging with WPT in a unified architecture offers a practical pathway toward scalable, grid‐friendly, and user‐centric EV charging ecosystems, highlighting its potential to support the next generation of smart mobility solutions.