A cross-sectional study on medical research among healthcare providers in Sudan

Abstract

Abstract Background Medical research is essential for advancing healthcare systems and improving patient outcomes. However, evidence regarding healthcare providers’ engagement in research in Sudan remains limited. Understanding their knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived barriers is important for strengthening national research capacity. Objective To assess healthcare providers’ engagement with medical research in Sudan and identify factors influencing their participation. Methods A national cross-sectional study was conducted between July 1 and October 5, 2025, using an online questionnaire adapted from a previously published instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good research practice. Results Among the 3,238 respondents, 65% were female and 53% were aged 26–30 years. General practitioners (36%) and house officers (15%) constituted the largest professional groups. Knowledge of research concepts was variable; while many participants answered correctly, only 46% identified stratified random sampling as appropriate for nationwide studies, and 44% correctly interpreted a p -value < 0.05. Attitudes toward research were highly positive, with 90% agreeing that healthcare providers should participate more in research and 90% supporting increased research training. Research practice was moderate: 74% had participated in writing research, but only 26% had published a paper. The main barriers were lack of financial support (66%), time constraints (51%), limited training opportunities (49%), and inadequate skills (48%). Major motivators included improving skills and knowledge (75% each) and addressing Sudan’s health problems (58%). Regression analysis indicated that participation in research methodology workshops and prior research experience predicted better knowledge and practice, while higher qualifications were associated with more positive attitudes. Conclusion Healthcare providers in Sudan show strong interest in medical research but face structural and educational barriers that limit active participation. Strengthening training programs, mentorship, and institutional research support may help enhance research capacity and productivity.