A Cross-Sectional Study of Liraglutide Efficacy and Safety in Obesity Management among Egyptian Adults

Abstract

Background: Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, was initially approved for type 2 diabetes mellitus and later for obesity management at a higher daily dose of 3 mg. Evaluating its efficacy and safety, particularly regarding adverse effects, is essential for optimizing obesity treatment.Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of liraglutide, alone and with a structured diet plan, in promoting weight reduction among obese adults.Methods: A six-month cross-sectional study included 142 obese adults aged 16–60 years (mean BMI 33.71 ± 6.45 kg/m²). Participants completed validated self-administered questionnaires covering sociodemographic data, health and lifestyle factors, weight management strategies, and the use and side effects of liraglutide and diet regimens. Baseline anthropometric indices (BMI and waist circumference) were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS and GraphPad Prism, with Chi-square tests applied for group comparisons.Results: Participants receiving liraglutide with a diet plan achieved greater reductions in body weight, waist circumference, and appetite over six weeks compared with those using liraglutide or diet alone. Mild gastrointestinal side effects were the most frequent adverse events. Reports of weight regain and increased appetite after liraglutide discontinuation were noted. These outcomes highlight the added value of combining liraglutide with dietary interventions while emphasizing the need for adverse event monitoring.Conclusion: Liraglutide, especially when combined with a diet plan, significantly enhances weight loss compared with diet alone, though mild side effects are more common. Careful monitoring and long-term studies are required to confirm its sustained safety and efficacy in obesity management within the Egyptian population.