A Critical Review and Perspective of Challenges of Green Hydrogen

Abstract

Green hydrogen promises a sustainable, low-carbon energy future, yet its adoption confronts multifaceted technological, economic, environmental, social, and regulatory challenges. This chapter delves into technological hurdles linked to green hydrogen production, storage, and conversion while critically assessing economic barriers such as high production costs, infrastructure development expenses, and market uncertainties. Environmental considerations stress the importance of sustainable resource management and carbon emission reduction in hydrogen production processes. Social and cultural acceptance is deemed crucial, necessitating effective community engagement. Regulatory challenges, including the need for harmonized safety standards and supportive policies, are also highlighted to ensure the safe and effective integration of green hydrogen technologies into existing frameworks. This chapter emphasizes the necessity of coordinated efforts among governments, industries, and communities to overcome these obstacles and capitalize on the benefits of green hydrogen for fostering a sustainable energy landscape.