article · IEEE Access
This paper reviews various control schemes for parallel inverters within microgrids or connected to distribution systems. With the increasing integration of distributed energy resources, inverters are crucial for processing harvested energy and often operate in parallel to form microgrids. These microgrids function in two main modes: grid-connected and islanded. Effective control schemes are essential to manage inverters and ensure seamless transitions between these operational modes. The review specifically focuses on centralised control schemes, both with and without inter-communications, which are designed to regulate current, voltage, and power across multiple parallel inverters under different operating conditions within a microgrid.
As more distributed energy resources are integrated, efficient and reliable microgrid operation becomes critical. Understanding and optimising inverter control schemes ensures stable power supply, seamless transitions between grid-connected and islanded modes, and effective management of energy flow, which is vital for modern electricity grids.
This review provides foundational knowledge for engineers and researchers developing advanced control systems for microgrids. The insights into centralised control schemes could inform the design of more robust and efficient energy management systems for utilities, industrial complexes, or remote communities. This is early-stage research, contributing to the theoretical understanding and development of future microgrid technologies rather than offering a direct, near-market product.
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The penetration of distributed energy resources is drastically increasing in the distribution systems. Inverters are employed to efficiently process the harvested energy of these energy resources. These inverters are commonly operated in parallel with some loads to form a microgrid. The control of these inverters has become a vital component to operate their microgrid. The microgrid formed by the inverters and loads can be operated into two main modes, which are the grid-connected mode and the islanded mode. Any control (operational) scheme for the microgrid should be able to operate these inverters along with their microgrid in these two modes, and it should enable the whole microgrid to have a seamless transition from one mode to another. This paper articulates different control schemes that are employed to operate parallel/several inverters within microgrids or connected to distribution systems. There are serval classifications for these control schemes used for inverters in microgrids. The main focus of this review paper is dedicated to the centralized control (with/without inter-communications) schemes that are developed to operate several parallel inverters within the microgrid to control current, voltage, and power at different operating conditions.
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DOI: 10.1109/access.2022.3222315
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