A comparative study of the effect of pesticides used in agriculture on tilapia fish in some Nile Delta governorates (Damietta branch and Rasheed branch)

Abstract

Considering pesticides are poisonous, both the environment and people may suffer from them. Pesticide-filled wastewater from agriculture is carried by the Delta region and has the potential to contaminate the environment and water quality, danger to human health, the water & fish samples were gathered from four governorates in the Delta area (Beheira, Kafr El-Sheikh, Sharkia, and Ismailia), Egypt. The outcomes showed that endosulfan, heptachlor & aldrin were detected in the four governorates. However, dicofol and p,p′-DDT were detected in Beheira and Kafr El-Sheikh. Chlorpyrifos was detected in Sharkia and Ismailia. The diazinon was undetected in Kafr El-Sheikh.The estimated daily intake (EDI) in fish tilapia collected from 4 governorates was not over the PDI. In conclusion, the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) was confirmed in four governorates with a mean score of less than one, according to the results. The exposed population is not clearly in danger for health when the THQ is less than 1. Three governorates' equivalent of Nile tilapia harvested from the Nile River does not have a hazard index (HI). When a hazard index (HI) in the Beheira governorate is higher than one, it indicates a potential risk to human health since eating contaminated fish may cause permanent pesticides to accumulate in the human body