246.10: Social and cultural barriers to organ donation among Egyptian general population.

Abstract

Introduction: Organ failure is a significant contributor to global mortality rates, with organ donation and transplantation (ODT) being recognized as a solution. However, despite advancements in transplantation surgeries, there remains a shortage of donated organs. Social, cultural, and religious beliefs significantly impact organ donation rates. Understanding these barriers is crucial for addressing the shortage. While studies among medical students and healthcare workers in Egypt have provided insights, there’s a lack of research on cultural and religious barriers among the general population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Egypt targeting individuals aged 18 and above. Convenience and snowball sampling methods were used, with data collected using a validated Arabic questionnaire distributed through in-person visits and social media platforms. The survey covered participants’ demographics, knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and intentions regarding organ donation. Before the main survey, a pilot study involving 100 Egyptian adults was conducted to refine the questionnaire’s clarity and reliability, with adjustments guided by participant feedback and validity and reliability assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Top of Form Results: Valid responses from 2,055 Egyptian adults were used for analysis. Most respondents (95.1%) had heard of organ donation, yet only a minority had participated in donation campaigns (6.2%) or donated organs, tissue, or blood (31.6%) previously. Knowledge about legal models for donation and religious stances on organ donation was limited. Participants expressed a willingness to donate organs if provided with more information, particularly regarding religious viewpoints. Positive attitudes towards donation were observed, especially among females, older age groups, healthcare workers, those with higher education levels, and those with middle to excellent economic statuses. However, only 20% expressed a definite intention to donate organs in Egypt. Conclusion: This study highlights an imbalance between low knowledge and high attitudes and positive intentions. To bridge this knowledge gap, healthcare policymakers should consider engaging in official communications with the public, particularly targeting the elderly and groups demonstrating greater willingness, to provide comprehensive information on the legal, religious, and medical aspects of organ donation. Planning to start a formal organ donation institution is also suggested. Further research and campaigns are warranted to promote organ donation and save lives.